NodeJS开发 -- npm的使用

September 20, 2024

NPM的全称是Node Package Manager，是一个NodeJS包管理和分发工具，已经成为了非官方的发布Node模块（包）的标准。它不需要单独安装，在安装 Node.js 时，就会一起安装 npm。

可以用这样的命令查看当前npm的版本

  npm -v

npm的常见命令有

查看版本

  npm -v

查看、安装、更新、删除依赖

  npm list
  npm install <package-name>
  npm update <package-name>
  npm uninstall <package-name>

查看包信息

  npm show <package-name>

运行脚本

  npm run dev
  npm run <script>

查看更多命令

  npm -h

  npm <command>

  Usage:

  npm install        install all the dependencies in your project
  npm install <foo>  add the <foo> dependency to your project
  npm test           run this project's tests
  npm run <foo>      run the script named <foo>
  npm <command> -h   quick help on <command>
  npm -l             display usage info for all commands
  npm help <term>    search for help on <term> (in a browser)
  npm help npm       more involved overview (in a browser)

  All commands:

      access, adduser, audit, bugs, cache, ci, completion,
      config, dedupe, deprecate, diff, dist-tag, docs, doctor,
      edit, exec, explain, explore, find-dupes, fund, get, help,
      help-search, hook, init, install, install-ci-test,
      install-test, link, ll, login, logout, ls, org, outdated,
      owner, pack, ping, pkg, prefix, profile, prune, publish,
      query, rebuild, repo, restart, root, run-script, sbom,
      search, set, shrinkwrap, star, stars, start, stop, team,
      test, token, uninstall, unpublish, unstar, update, version,
      view, whoami

配置文件

npm配置文件为.npmrc，一般在根目录下，常见的配置项有

  registry=https://registry.npmjs.org/
  strict-ssl=false
  _authToken=***
  proxy=http://proxy.example.com/

registry是指npm包的仓库地址，我们可以从官方地址切换到淘宝的镜像，可以提高包的下载速度。 proxy是代理服务器设置。 strict-ssl是为了验证ssl证书，为了安全起见，应该将其打开。 authToken是用来访问私有仓库的令牌。